NY Breeding Bird Atlas Third Edition · 2020 – 2024
Species · Cardinalidae · Scarlet Tanager
Aves Passeriformes Cardinalidae Piranga

Scarlet Tanager

Piranga olivacea   ·   Gmelin, 1789

A hot coal in the canopy. Males return to New York's mature deciduous forests in early May from wintering grounds in the Andes, pause, and stay to breed. The third atlas finds them in more blocks than either of the two before.

Atlas III status
Widespread breeder
Occupied blocks
3,418 of 5,334
Change · I → III
+ 42.1 %
Conservation
Least concern
View on the atlas map Download data · CSV
A male Scarlet Tanager in breeding plumage, sitting on a branch in high summer.
Plate 24 · Male, territory · Minnewaska, Ulster Co · J. Dinsmore, 2023

Range, across three atlases.

Fig. 24-A
Atlas I · 1980 – 85 2,407 blocks
Atlas II · 2000 – 05 2,986 blocks
Atlas III · 2020 – 24 3,418 blocks

Each shaded block represents a 5 × 5 km survey unit with confirmed, probable, or possible breeding evidence.

Distribution & change

Across forty years, the Scarlet Tanager has quietly reclaimed New York. The first atlas found the species thin in the western Catskills, absent from much of the Adirondack high country, and patchy across the St. Lawrence Valley. Since then, each atlas has filled in more of the map. The third atlas confirms breeding in 3,418 of 5,334 statewide blocks, a 42.1% increase in occupancy since 1985.

Expansion has been strongest in the Tug Hill transition, the eastern shore of Lake Ontario, and the southern tier west of Binghamton. In the Adirondacks, high-elevation blocks previously dominated by spruce have added tanager records as mature hardwood stands matured after late-twentieth-century regrowth.

The northern edge of the tanager's range has moved about sixty kilometers upslope since 1985. Whether the bird is chasing warming, chasing forest, or both, is an open question that the species accounts on this site do not yet resolve.

Habitat

Large, contiguous blocks of deciduous and mixed forest — especially mature stands with an open understory — continue to define New York breeding habitat. Atlas III records cluster in blocks with greater than 60% canopy cover, though small numbers were logged in suburban forest fragments along the Mohawk Valley for the first time.

Breeding phenology

Phenology · breeding evidence by week Atlas III · 2020 – 2024
Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Arrival Territory · pair Nest · eggs Fledglings Departure

Conservation

Listed as least concern by the IUCN, and not tracked as a Species of Greatest Conservation Need in New York. Long-term regional trends remain positive, though the species depends on mature, unbroken forest and is sensitive to nest parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds in fragmented edges.

Data & citation

Citation. Hart, J., et al. 2028. Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea. In: The Third Atlas of Breeding Birds in New York State. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.

Download records · CSV Modeled occupancy · GeoTIFF Cite this page